AEL-HPPP Hydroelectric Power Plants Application with Pelton Turbine

HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS APPLICATION WITH PELTON TURBINE - AEL-HPPP

INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS

The Hydroelectric Power Plants Application with Pelton Turbine, "AEL-HPPP", has been designed by EDIBON with a double purpose: in one hand it allows to study the mechanical characteristics of a Pelton turbine (designed by EDIBON) and, on the other hand, it allows to study the operation of real hydroelectric power plants.

See general description

General Description

The Hydroelectric Power Plants Application with Pelton Turbine, "AEL-HPPP", has been designed by EDIBON with a double purpose: inone hand it allows to study the mechanical characteristics of a Pelton turbine (designed by EDIBON) and, on the other hand, it allows tostudy the operation of real hydroelectric power plants.

This application consists of real mechanical and electrical elements (reduced scale) for testing in laboratories.

  • Study of mechanical characteristics of the turbine: The "AEL-HPPP" Application consists of a water tank (water reservoir) from which the water is propelled via pipe through a highpower water pump (potential energy) up to an injector in which is installed a pressure sensor. Injector injects water into the Peltonturbine, which consists of 16 appreciable vanes from the transparent cover of the turbine. This application offers the advantage ofcontrolling the water pressure of the injector via pump speed control (flow/pressure variations). The pipe output of the water pumphas a flowmeter that allows measure the water flow injected into the turbine. On this way different pressures can be got to analyzeseveral operation regimes of the Pelton turbine, as well as power generation variations. Thus, it is included a torque sensor, abraking system and a load cell to measure the turbine torque. This allows to obtain the characteristic curves of the turbine.
  • Study of hydroelectric power plants: Because its versatility and flexibility, this application permits to study the operation of both large hydroelectric power plants, thatprovide energy into the grid (parallel operation mode), and mini hydroelectric centers that provide energy to an isolated grid (standaloneoperation mode). A 1kW three-phase induction generator is coupled to the Pelton turbine shaft in order to synchronize the generator to the laboratorygrid (50 Hz or 60 Hz). The "AEL-HPPP" has an automatic grid connection device with pre-insertion resistors, to avoid sudden torque changes in thegenerator and turbine at the time of synchronization. A network analyzer is connected to the induction generator terminals to monitor the power generation parameters such as activepower, reactive power, apparent power, phase currents, frequency and power factor. In addition, this application has a capacitorbench that provides reactive energy to the generator when user works with the application as mini hydroelectric central (stand-alonemode), providing power to a local electric load (included).

The "AEL-HPPP" application consists of the following elements:

  • Industrial rack with three phase power supply with differential and magnetothermal protection.
  • Instrumentation panel:
  • Digital network analyzer to measure generator electrical parameters (V, f, P, Q, S, PF, etc).
  • Generator analog voltmeter.
  • Generator analog wattmeter.
  • Generator analog varmeter.
  • Three-phase overcurrent protection relay.
  • Real electrical diagram panel.
  • Power, control and sensor connections panel.
  • Three phase capacitive load bench to provide reactive energy to the generator.
  • Three phase resistive load bench for energy consumption in stand-alone operation.
  • Soft coupler system of the generator with the grid.
  • CWTP. Conjunction of water tank, Pelton Turbine – Generator, injector, sensors and water pump.

This Computer Controlled Unit is supplied with the EDIBON Computer Control System (SCADA), and includes: The unit itself + a Control Interface Box + a Data Acquisition Board + Computer Control, Data Acquisition and Data Management Software Packages, for controlling the process and all parameters involved in the process.

Exercises and guided practices

GUIDED PRACTICAL EXERCISES INCLUDED IN THE MANUAL

  1. Determination of the operative characteristics of a Pelton Turbine.
  2. Obtaining the hydraulic and mechanical powers.
  3. Determination of the mechanical efficiency curve.
  4. Determination of the efficiency hydraulic curve.
  5. Flow calculation.
  6. Analysis the influence of the injected flow on the turbines’s power.
  7. Synchronization of the induction generator with the laboratory grid.
  8. Injection of active power in the grid through flow control of the Pelton turbine.
  9. Measurement of the generator electrical parameters (S, P, Q, f, PF) injecting power to the grid.
  10. Stand-alone power generation. Energy consumption with isolated loads.
  11. Measurement of electrical parameters (S, P, Q, f, PF) of the generator injecting power to the isolated load.
  12. Calculation of hydroelectric power plant efficiency.
  13. Study of several problems that occur during synchronization operation with the grid.
  14. Study of generator motorization in synchronism with the grid. Causes and consequences.
  15. Study of sudden uncouple of the generator and the grid. Pelton turbine shedding.

MORE PRACTICAL EXERCISES TO BE DONE WITH THE UNIT

  1. Many students view results simultaneously. To view all results in real time in the classroom by means of a projector or an electronic whiteboard.
  2. Open Control, Multicontrol and Real Time Control. This unit allows intrinsically and/or extrinsically to change thespan, gains, proportional, integral, derivative parameters, etc, in real time.
  3. The Computer Control System with SCADA allows a real industrial simulation.
  4. This unit is totally safe as uses mechanical, electrical/electronic, and software safety devices.
  5. This unit can be used for doing applied research.
  6. This unit can be used for giving training courses to Industries even to other Technical Education Institutions.
  7. Visualization of all the sensors values used in the AEL-HPPP unit process.
  8. By using PLC-PI additional 19 more exercises can be done.
  9. Several other exercises can be done and designed by the user.

SIMILAR UNITS AVAILABLE

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