8.- 流体力学

流体力学分支研究流体在静止（流体静态）或在运动（流体动力学）中的行为定律及其与固体的相互作用过程。能够流动（即移动）的物质被视为流体。其中包括液体（水，油，酒精，牛奶，硫酸，汽油）和气体（空气，氧气，氮气，氦气，氩气，甲烷，丁烷，天然气）。

从我们周围的空气，游泳池中的水到灌溉用水，使我们能够在汽车中制动的液压系统，供暖或空调，以及在我们自己的血液系统中流体研究基于著名的阿基米德原理和帕斯卡原理，伯努利方程，文丘里效应或达西定律等。寻求适用性的流体机械工程领域是通过经验和数学方法研究的，重点介绍了无量纲数，例如雷诺兹，普兰特，马赫和弗洛德。流体力学原理的超越性使发明保持了它们的共同点：通过通道的水输送，海上和空中运输，液压，热力和气动机器，管道中的解决气蚀问题或冲击的解决方案。柱塞，液压和气动传动及控制装置等。

考虑到流体在各种应用中的相关性，了解流体的性质（即流体的类型）并根据其特性进行描述非常重要。最重要的是：压力，温度，体积，密度，粘度，可压缩性，比热，热膨胀性和混溶性。

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流体力学 SUBCATEGORIES

8.1.- 流体力学模块化实验室

水力学是研究流体机械特性的科学分支，流体力学是水力学的基础。EDIBON试图以简单实用的方式，对流体力学基础教学的学术需求给出一个答案。为此，它有一个灵活的、模块化的基础流体力学学习体系。通过提出的一系列模块，学生进行实验，清晰地展示了水力学的规律。通过这些实验，学生在自然、愉快、朴实的过程中获得使用液压仪器和工具的经验。通过流体力学实验室所包含的设备，学生可以进行流体的表征、流体流动的测量和控制，研究流体力学的主要现象和原理，了解工业上广泛使用的设备的表示方法。

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8.2.- 度量衡

计量学是研究量的测量的科学。它的基础是力求在参考值与需要定量的对象或现象之间建立起关系，并获得测量的表达式。测量必须是可重复的，而且不确定度尽可能小，误差取决于技术人员的专业知识或所用仪器的精度。在测量中获得的数值是为了以标准化的方式在单位系统中表示，例如国际系统。需要测量的领域很广，从社会科学、健康科学到最纯粹、最实验的科学都有。目前，在创新和优化测量仪器及其校准方面取得了进展。我们都曾在某些时候做过一些测量，比如车辆轮胎的胎压，或者玩游戏所需的时间。有很多设备可以让我们测量基本量级。例如，可以用转子流量计或流量传感器测量流体的流量，用布顿压力计测量流体循环的压力，用热电偶测量流体的温度等。

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8.3.- 静水压

流体静力学是流体力学的一个分支，研究流体在容器中，没有力改变液体的静止状态或运动状态时的行为和相关现象。相反，流体力学研究的是运动中的流体。流体静力学是基于帕斯卡原理和阿基米德原理。帕斯卡原理指出："在容器中密闭的流体中，压力以相等的强度向各个方向传递"。同样，阿基米德原理也指出："当一个物体浸入液体中时，它对该物体施加的向上的力等于它所脱落的液体的重量"。从这些原理出发，定义了流体静力学的基本方程。 Dp = ρ g...

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8.4.- 流可视化

流体的流动被框定在流体力学的分支中。研究的重点是流体运动的压缩，条件是牛顿定律和质量与能量守恒，以及斯托克斯、雷诺或普朗特数等定律。通过流体的运动和方向的可视化，借助于电流和流线，可以了解压力和速度的分布。电流线总是显示与速度平行，而流线是流体的路径，这两种线型在静止状态下是一致的。流体可以被认为是可压缩的（气体）或不可压缩的（液体）。这些流体根据其性质和所受的力，在管道、通道、涡轮机等内可能呈现层流或紊流。当流体呈现出缓慢而有序的运动，流体的片面平行而平稳地滑动时，就会出现层流。而在湍流中，运动的能量比较大，不规则，不可预测。如今，流体的流动是一个重要的领域，因为它对工业设备的尺寸、民...

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8.5.- 液压通道

水是生物所使用的基本元素，自古以来，为了分配和消耗水，人们开发出了不同的巧计，如渠道。水力或明渠，或简称渠，是指向大气开放的输送流体的管道，它在其中因自身重量和施工坡度而发生位移。渠道可以是天然的建筑（河流或溪流），也可以是人工的，即使是部分填埋的管道也被认为是渠道。渠道的建设可以是不同的几何形状，并以不同的流态(永久均匀流或非均匀流)和排流态(亚临界、临界或超临界)运行。渠道的主要参数有：吃水或深度、断面顶宽、底板、湿润周长和渠道坡度。此外，还设计了许多类型的控制结构，用于流量调节和排放测量，如堰/围堰（薄壁或厚壁和虹吸器）或闸门，可以有不同的几何形状。渠道在工程中起着重要的作用，从广...

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8.6.- 空气动力学

空气动力学是流体力学的一部分，研究运动中的气体和其中的物体所受的力或反应。对于空气动力学的重要性，我们必须加上它对航空学的贡献价值。根据马赫数或机动车相对于空气的相对速度，空气动力学根据这个数字比单位低或高，分为亚音速和超音速。在流体力学中，在研究气体的范围内，通常使用空气，通常量化的主要变量是速度、压力、阻力或升力等。用于流体力学试验的风洞被广泛用于确定风对不同类型物体的作用。待研究的模型保持静止状态，而流动介质则处于运动状态。风洞的主要部件有：风机、扩散器、室、收缩器和试验段。每当我们移动或投掷一个物体时，都会有一些我们平时没有注意到的物理原理发生作用。了解空气动力学的原理，在很多活...

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8.7.- 流体机械

在流体力学中，一个特殊的应用领域是流体机械的研究。流体机是将通过的流体的能量转化或将能量传递给流体的设备。这种液体可以是气体、蒸汽或液体。根据这个定义，可以推导出以下分类：发电机。涡轮机：由于通过它们的流体运动量的变化，在轴上产生扭矩和动力。风力发电机：将风的动能转化为机械能。l消耗机。...

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8.8.- 流体管道系统

在工程中，流体管线被定义为能够将流体从源头输送到所需目的地的结构或工作。有两种类型的传导：封闭的（管道、隧道或下水道）和开放的（自然流）。封闭管道中的流量一般会受到压力，不像那些自由表面的管道。管道在工程中的应用是多种多样的，所以要对其进行调整。为此，它们有部件，在导水管道中主要是管道和部件（接头、弯头、异径管、阀门等）。此外，根据设计规格或工作要求，管道可以通过泵系统、重力或两种机制输送流体。同时，由于材料中可能存在较厚的固体或流体的磨蚀性等特性，因此研究材料很重要。最明显的例子是在饮用水的分配和供应网络中发现的管道。人类的用水设施，必须保证安全和卫生，它是由水箱、管道、配件等各种要素...

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8.9.- 安装与维护

当今社会的需求对任何行业来说都是一种挑战，因为行业必须在不断的发展和改造中才能适应这些需求。近年来，由于新的工业革命或 "工业4.0"，"工业物联网"（IIoT）和 "智能工厂...

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8.1.- 流体力学模块化实验室 8.2.- 度量衡 8.3.- 静水压 8.4.- 流可视化 8.5.- 液压通道 8.6.- 空气动力学 8.7.- 流体机械 8.8.- 流体管道系统 8.9.- 安装与维护

流体力学 UNITS

Showing 31-60 of 168 item(s)

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.5.- 流量显示

FME06

奥斯本雷诺兹演示

配件 LIFLUBA

The Osborne Reynolds Demonstration Unit, "FME06", designed by EDIBON, consists of a cylindrical tank endowed with a nozzle, that is fitted to a methacrylate pipe, which allows the fluid visualization.A spillway guarantees the homogeneity of the...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.5.- 流量显示

FME09

流动可视化渠道

配件 LIFLUBA

The Flow Visualization in Channels unit, "FME09", designed by EDIBON, allows the visualization of liquid spillage phenomena in weirs and the study of objects submerged in a fluid stream (aerodynamics).The unit consists of a transparent...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.5.- 流量显示

FME20

层流示范

配件 LIFLUBA

The Laminar Flow Demostration unit, "FME20", designed by EDIBON, allows a complete study of the bi-dimensional problems associated with laminar flow. Thanks to an efficient system of dye injection we can observe the different models of flow. It...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.5.- 流量显示

FME25

流体通道，长度：1米

配件 LIFLUBA

The Flow Channel, lenght: 1 m, "FME25", designed by EDIBON, allows to study of the water behavior flowing through a channel.It basically consists of a channel of rectangular cross section with transparent walls, through which water flows.It has a...

HORIZONTAL OSBORNE REYNOLDS DEMONSTRATION - FME31

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.5.- 流量显示

FME31

水平奥斯本雷诺兹示范

配件 LIFLUBA

The Osborne Reynolds Horizontal Demonstration Unit, "FME31", designed by EDIBON, allows to study the characteristics of a liquid flowing through a pipe and the Reynolds number in each of the liquid states.The FME31 unit makes it possible to study...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.6.- 液压机: 泵

FME12

串/并联泵

配件 LIFLUBA

The Series/Parallel Pumps unit, "FME12", designed by EDIBON, allows the study of the coupling between two series/parallel centrifugal pumps, obtaining the characteristic curves as well as the calculation of the water flow rate.The unit consists of...

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP CHARACTERISTICS - FME13

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.6.- 液压机: 泵

FME13

离心泵特性

配件 LIFLUBA

The Centrifugal Pump Characteristics, "FME13", designed by EDIBON, allows the study of several centrifugal pump characteristics such as efficiency, series/parallel couplings, etc.The unit has a centrifugal pump with similar characteristics to the...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.7.- 液压机: 涡轮机

FME16

水斗式水轮机

配件 LIFLUBA

The Pelton Turbine unit, "FME16", designed by EDIBON, allows the study of the characteristics of the tangential wheels or pressure turbines commonly used to produce electricity in hydroelectric plants to exploit large hydraulic jumps of low...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.7.- 液压机: 涡轮机

FME21

径向式水轮机

配件 LIFLUBA

The Radial Flow Turbine unit, "FME21", designed by EDIBON, allows the study of a turbomachine, specifically radial turbines capable of handling slower flow levels than other turbine models.This unit consist of a miniature Radial Turbine with two...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.7.- 液压机: 涡轮机

FME27

轴流式水轮机

配件 LIFLUBA

With the Axial Turbine, "FME27", designed by EDIBON, it is possible to study and to understand the axial flow turbines which, unlike the radial flow turbines, the working fluid is parallel to the axis of rotation.This unit consists of an axial...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.7.- 液压机: 涡轮机

FME28

混流式水轮机

配件 LIFLUBA

With the Francis Turbine unit, "FME28", designed by EDIBON, we study the Francis turbines commonly used when we have average flow rates and heights.This unit consists on a miniature Francis turbine. The water inlet flow is controlled by a valve...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.7.- 液压机: 涡轮机

FME29

卡普兰涡轮机

配件 LIFLUBA

With the Kaplan Turbine unit, "FME29", designed by EDIBON, we study the Kaplan turbines commonly used when we have high flow rates but low flow height.This unit consists on a miniature Kaplan turbine. The water inlet flow is controlled by a valve...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.8.- 液压管

FME05

在弯曲的能量损失

配件 LIFLUBA

The Energy Losses in Bends unit, "FME05", designed by EDIBON allows to measure and compare the head losses produced by different singular elements: bends, section changes and valves, as well as to study the influence of the flow rate on the value...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.8.- 液压管

FME07

管道中的能量损失

配件 LIFLUBA

With the Energy Losses in Pipes, "FME07", designed by EDIBON, the user will be able to measure the head losses generated in a pipeline for different flow rates in both laminar and turbulent regimes.The unit consists of the following elements, used...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.8.- 液压管

FME15

水锤

配件 LIFLUBA

With the Water Hammer unit, "FME15", designed by EDIBON, we can demonstrate the effects of the instantaneous or gradual variation of the velocity of a fluid.The water hammer phenomenon, which appears as a consequence of a rapid change in the...

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.8.- 液压管

FME23

管网的基本单元

配件 LIFLUBA

The Basic Pipe Network Unit, "FME23", designed by EDIBON, allows the study of pressures and flows created by interconnected pipes, i.e. in a network.The objective of this unit is to simulate the problems that could originate in pipe networks, with...

UNIT FOR THE STUDY OF POROUS BEDS IN VENTURI TUBES (DARCY´S EQUATION) - FME24

配件 LIFLUBA

Available

8.1.8.- 液压管

FME24

丘里管的多孔床（达西方程）的研究

配件 LIFLUBA

The Unit for the Study of Porous Beds in Venturi Tubes (Darcy´s Equation), "FME24", designed by EDIBON, for the study of porous beds in Venturi tubes (Darcy's Equation), allowing the complete and detailed understanding of this equation.The unit is...

FMDU

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

FMDU

流量计演示设备

The Flow Meters Demonstration Unit, "FMDU", designed by EDIBON demonstrates the important characteristics of fifteen types of flow meters used in the measurement of water flow through pipes or open channels.The main elements are a service module...

HEMP

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

HEMP

Pressure Measurement Unit

The Pressure Measurement Unit, "HEMP", enables a wide range of investigations and studies into pressure measurement techniques, using Bourdon type manometers and different U-tube manometers, to understand the operation, the characteristics of the...

DROP BALL VISCOMETER AND RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT DETERMINATION UNIT - HVB

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

HVB

Drop Ball Viscometer and Resistance Coefficient Determination Unit

The Drop Ball Viscometer and Resistance Coefficient Determination Unit, "HVB", consists of two precision transparent tubes fixed onto a frame in which a ball is allowed to drop down through different liquids. Both tubes can be filled with liquids...

PRECISION PRESSURE GAUGE CALIBRATOR - HCMP

HCMP

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

HCMP

Precision Pressure Gauge Calibrator

The Precision Pressure Gauge Calibrator, "HCMP", is a self-contained and portable dead weight precision pressure gauge calibrator.The unit allows the calibration of pressure gauges up to 300 bar. Calibration is accurate within ± 0.015 % of...

PRESSURE MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION UNIT - TMCP

TMCP

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

TMCP

Pressure Measurement and Calibration Unit

The Pressure Measurement and Calibration Unit, "TMCP", has been designed to study the concept of pressure and the different methods and techniques used to measure this variable.The dead-weight calibrator consists of a cylinder in which interior a...

PRESSURE SENSORS CALIBRATION SYSTEM - SCSP

SCSP

Available

14.2.2.- 仪表与控制

SCSP

压力传感器校准系统

The Pressure Sensors Calibration System, "SCSP", is mainly composed of two pressure manometers on one hand, one measuring up to 1000 millimeters of water or 100 millibars and the other one measuring up to 2.5 bars and on the other hand, two vacuum...

MANOMETERS & MULTIMANOMETERS (SEVERAL TYPES): - HMM

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

HMM

压力计和多功能压力计（各种类型）：

Thanks to the "Manometer and Multimanometer, "HMM" collection designed by EDIBON, a comprehensive and versatile solution is provided with a wide variety of manometers tailored to specific pressure measurement needs. This collection ensures safe...

配件 HMM

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

HMM-W500

U-Shape Double Manometer

配件 HMM

With the U-Shape Double Manometer, "HMM-W500," designed by EDIBON, the study of different pressures is facilitated for operation with the Pitot tube. The U-Shape Double Manometer allows finding the pressure between two points or two fluids.The...

配件 HMM

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

HMM-U1000

U-Shape Manometer

配件 HMM

The U-Shape Manometer, "HMM-U1000," designed by EDIBON, allows the study of various pressures and their relationship with the fluid. It measures the difference in liquid level in its columns, providing vital information for pressure analysis in...

INCLINED MULTIMANOMETER WITH 20 MANOMETRIC TUBES OF 250 MM LENGTH - HMM-I1000

配件 HMM

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

HMM-I1000

Inclined Multimanometer with 20 manometric tubes of 250 mm length

配件 HMM

The Inclined Multimanometer with 20 manometric tubes of 250 mm length, "HMM-I1000," designed by EDIBON, allows measuring and comparing pressures at different points or fluids simultaneously.This facilitates the detailed analysis of pressure...

MULTIMANOMETER WITH 8 MANOMETRIC TUBES OF 500 MM LENGTH, VERTICAL POSITION - HMM-V500

配件 HMM

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

HMM-V500

Multimanometer with 8 manometric tubes of 500 mm length, vertical position

配件 HMM

Vertical Multimanometer (8 Manometric Tubes, 500 mm in Length), "HMM-V500," designed by EDIBON, is a multimanometer designed to accurately measure and analyze pressure variations in vertical configurations. It provides valuable data to understand...

MULTIMANOMETER WITH 12 MANOMETRIC TUBES OF 500 MM LENGHT, VERTICAL POSITION - HMM-V500-12

配件 HMM

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

HMM-V500-12

Multimanometer with 12 manometric tubes of 500 mm lenght, vertical position

配件 HMM

One type of gauge is a U-shaped gauge, which balances the unknown pressure with a known pressure. The pressure is determined by measuring the difference in liquid level of the two branches. Most of these gauges can be used as open gauges or as...

配件 HMM

Available

8.2.- 度量衡

HMM-4B

4 Bourdon type Manometers Unit

配件 HMM

The 4 Bourdon type Manometers Unit, "HMM-4B," designed by EDIBON, stands out for incorporating Bourdon-type gauges for precise pressure measurements in fluid systems.This unit enables a detailed analysis of pressure variations at multiple points...

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