7.- 力学

力学是一门科学学科,负责研究影响自然界中存在的元素的物理现象。尽管它被称为力学,但它实际上涵盖了古典力学和量子力学,这是现代物理学的两个基本支柱。

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古典力学研究刚体以及具有有限或无限数量(连续介质)自由度的系统,而量子力学则研究小型或低能系统。

如同任何实验科学一样,对人体的任何机械研究都涉及从物理和数学的角度进行分析和实验的过程。但是,与其他科学学科不同,在力学中,研究在实际系统中解释的理论行为并不那么复杂。

得益于牛顿,拉格朗日,汉密尔顿或薛定er等众多科学家的贡献,可以建立一些力学的基本原理或定律:

  • 牛顿定律。
  • 保持动量原理。
  • 节约能源的原则。
  • 角动量守恒原理和旋转动力学基本方程。

考虑到他们的研究领域,最值得一提的是:

  • 工程。
  • 静态的。
  • 动态。
  • 流体力学。
  • 热力学和热传递。
  • 科学,材料的弹性和抵抗力。
  • 数值分析(有限元方法)。

由于该行业的不断发展,机械工程,汽车和汽车工程,结构计算,机械开发以及它们的安装和维护等分支是当前正在经历最大发展的领域。

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力学 SUBCATEGORIES

7.1.- 机械工业

机械工程是将物理学应用于我们周围的元素,以改进现有的机械设备或创造新的设备。由于它是以物理原理为基础的,所以它的起源可以追溯到物理原理的起源,它的发展与力学的进步密切相关。然而,直到蒸汽机的发明,它才成为工业发展的支柱之一。由于这个装置的产生,17世纪的工业革命发生了。从那一刻起,随着瓦特、史蒂芬森、特斯拉或兰金等地位的科学家和工程师的贡献,无论是在理念上还是在新机器的研发上,都开始了前所未有的更新。随着这些机器的发展,人们对工业的概念发生了改变。大规模生产的引入,机器设计的改进,以及随之而来的生产工艺范围的扩大,催生了迄今为止难以想象的适应社会需求的各种新产品。在机械工程中,应特别提及...

7.2.- 汽车机械工程

汽车工业是当今机械工程的主要应用领域之一。使用汽油内燃机的汽车被认为是20世纪最伟大的发明,尽管第一辆原型车在18世纪末就开始制造。第一辆原型车可以追溯到1769年,由一辆蒸汽驱动的马车组成。虽然没有成功,但为1860年汽油机的发展开创了先河。从这一发现开始,就开始了不可阻挡的发展,奔驰、标致、菲亚特或福特等汽车工业如雨后春笋般涌现。在千年之交,开始研究使用其他化石燃料,如柴油。今天,利用现有的所有技术和手段,可以了解构成车辆的所有元素在无限多情况下的行为。之所以能达到这样的水平,得益于每个设计、分析等背后的工程。研究最多的一些系统是:传送。刹车。暂停。发动机性能。电子产品。排放。安全性...

7.3.- 材料工程

材料工程是负责材料科学工业解释的科学工业分支。人类学上,根据制造工具的材料(石器时代、青铜时代等),对人类发展的不同阶段进行了分类。因此,人类的发展与新材料的研究密切相关。在过去的200年里,关于材料的发现就像吉布斯的贡献一样具有启示性,它证明了材料的特性与其结构之间存在着关系。这些都使得石墨烯等新材料的开发和纳米材料或纳米技术等新领域的研究成为可能。为了达到这样的发展水平,必须进行无数次的试验,既有屈曲、硬度(洛氏、布氏、维氏、马顿斯)、扭转、牵引力(韧性和回弹力)、拉力(蠕变)、剪切力等机械试验,也有化学试验(热处理、内部结构等)。还可以对材料进行以下分类:金属(黑色和有色金属);瓷...

7.4.- 安装与维护

当今社会的需求对任何行业来说都是一种挑战,因为行业必须在不断的发展和改造中才能适应这些需求。近年来,由于新的工业革命或 "工业4.0","工业物联网"(IIoT)和 "智能工厂...
力学 UNITS
Showing 1-30 of 171 item(s)
BASIC MECHANICS INTEGRATED LABORATORY - LIMEBA
  • LIMEBA
Available
7.1.1.- 机械基础套件
LIMEBA
Basic Mechanics Integrated Laboratory
The Integrated Basic Mechanics Laboratory, "LIMEBA," designed by EDIBON, allows for the construction of various experiments on the base panel, where length measurements are possible thanks to the distance between the centers of the perforations...
PANEL AND COMMON ELEMENTS CASE FOR LIMEBA - MECA/EC
Available
7.1.1.- 机械基础套件
MECA/EC
LIMEBA的公共元素面板和手提箱
配件 LIMEBA
It is the supporting structure where the modules’s elements are mounted in order to undertake the experiments and hence, the basepanel is necessary along with any module.The panel is pierced with equidistant holes that help students to take...
STATICS EXPERIMENTS - MECA1
Available
7.1.1.- 机械基础套件
MECA1
Statics Experiments
配件 LIMEBA
Statics is the part of Mechanics that studies any kind of structure or element in balance-equilibrium.Basically the module consist on experiments in which the student shall learn to deduce the main principles of Statics and its most important...
TRANSMISSIONS EXPERIMENTS - MECA3
Available
7.1.1.- 机械基础套件
MECA3
Transmissions Experiments
配件 LIMEBA
Most recent machines require the transmission of motion between elements to obtain the desired mechanical result. The mechanisms studied in this module are those that transmit motion between two axles.
DYNAMICS EXPERIMENTS - MECA4
Available
7.1.1.- 机械基础套件
MECA4
Dynamics Experiments
配件 LIMEBA
Dynamics is the part of Mechanics that analyzes the motion of an element or mechanism caused by a force. Thus the study is concentrated on the basic laws of Dynamics.
FRICTION EXPERIMENTS - MECA5
Available
7.1.1.- 机械基础套件
MECA5
Friction Experiments
配件 LIMEBA
This module considers the most important phenomenon of Dynamics: Friction. It is a manifestation of the energy loss due to contact, effect that happens in every real-world mechanism.
SPECIAL MECHANISMS EXPERIMENTS - MECA6
Available
7.1.1.- 机械基础套件
MECA6
Special Mechanisms Experiments
配件 LIMEBA
This module considers various mechanisms frequently used in industrial processes, without them some operations would not be possible with the same efficiency. Here these mechanisms are shown and their function analyzed.
SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM - MBD
  • MBD
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MBD
Slider Crank Mechanism
The Slider Crank Mechanism, "MBD", designed by EDIBON, is an example of slider-crank mechanism.This mechanism is made of aluminum and consists of a rotary element (graduated disc), called crank, connected to a rigid bar, calledconnecting rod. When...
SCOTCH YOKE MECHANISM - MYE
  • MYE
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MYE
Scotch Yoke Mechanism
The Scotch Yoke Mechanism, "MYE", designed by EDIBON, is an example of slider-crank mechanism for converting the linear motion of a slider into rotational motion or vice versa.It is made of aluminum and consists of a rotary element, called crank,...
SLOTTED LINK MECHANISM - MBM1
  • MBM1
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MBM1
Slotted Link Mechanism
The Slotted Link Mechanism, "MBM1", is an example of a quick-return mechanism, capable of transforming circular motion into reciprocating motion. It is made of aluminum and consists of a rotary element (graduated disk), called crank, connected to...
WHITWORTH QUICK RETURN MECHANISM - MBM2
  • MBM2
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MBM2
Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism
The Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism, "MBM2", is a mechanism able to transform circular movement into reciprocating movement. It ismade of aluminum and consists of a rotary element, called crank, with a graduated disk, connected to a rigid bar,...
FOUR-BAR MECHANISM - MCA
  • MCA
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MCA
Four-Bar Mechanism
The Four-Bar Mechanism, "MCA", designed by EDIBON, is a bench-top unit to perform laboratory experiments.It is made of anodized aluminum and consists of two rotary elements (graduated discs) mounted on ball bearings. The discs include a scale to...
GENEVA STOP MECHANISM - MME
  • MME
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MME
Geneva Stop Mechanism
The Geneva Stop Mechanism, "MME", designed by EDIBON, is a mechanism that transforms continuous circular motion into intermittent motion. It is a positive drive in which the driven wheel is positively moved or locked.It is made of aluminum and...
COUPLING MECHANISM - MAC
  • MAC
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MAC
Coupling Mechanism
The Coupling Mechanism, "MAC", represents a simple Oldham type coupling. The lateral displacement of the input and output shafts may be varied and circular scales are fitted to the input and output flanges.It consists of two outer discs made of...
HOOKE'S JOINT MECHANISM - MUN
  • MUN
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MUN
Hooke's Joint Mechanism
The Hooke’s Joint Mechanism, "MUN", designed by EDIBON, represents a universal coupling, also called a U-joint, Hooke joint or cardan joint. The Hooke joint is a universal mechanism that is often used to transmit rotary motion between two...
CAM AND FOLLOWER MECHANISM - MEX
  • MEX
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MEX
Cam and Follower Mechanism
The Cam and Follower Mechanism, "MEX", allows to study the cam-follower and eccentric-follower mechanisms. For that purpose, several plate cam models in different forms, one eccentric and several roller-shaped, flat-shaped, wedge-shaped and...
CRANK MECHANISM - MBI
  • MBI
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MBI
Crank Mechanism
The Crank Mechanism "MBI", is a unit designed to observe, study and record the motion of a crank and the forces involved in a simple engine mechanism. The piston is linearly displaced through a cylinder with the aid of a guide.Bearings are coupled...
ACKERMANN STEERING MECHANISM - MDA
  • MDA
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MDA
Ackermann Steering Mechanism
The Ackermann Steering Mechanism, "MDA", is a bench-mounted unit designed to determine the lead angle of a steering trapezoid in an Ackermann steering mechanism, the disadvantages of incorrectly adjusted track rods and the influence of the track...
WINCH MECHANISM - MMEL
  • MMEL
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MMEL
Winch Mechanism
The Winch Mechanism, "MMEL", allows to study the lifting velocity and load transmission of a winch. Efficiency and load transmission can be determined by force balance.The unit consists of a gear transmission mechanism. One gear is the input gear...
BAR LINKAGES UNIT - MBLU
  • MBLU
Available
7.1.2.1.- 机制
MBLU
Bar Linkages Unit
The Bar Linkages Unit "MBLU" allows many experiments using different arrangements of their parts.The "MBLU" unit includes a selection of more than twenty perforated bars of different lengths and pivots or "joints" to allow students to configure...
WORM AND WHEEL UNIT - MTSF
  • MTSF
Available
14.1.2.2.- 齿轮
MTSF
Worm and Wheel Unit
The Worm and Wheel Unit, "MTSF", allows to demonstrate the principle of a worm gear.The unit consists in a worm and a wheel. These parts are mounted on ball bearings and fixed to a vertical panel.The worm and wheel are positioned a set distance...
ACCELERATION OF GEARED SYSTEM UNIT - MAE
  • MAE
Available
14.1.2.2.- 齿轮
MAE
Acceleration of Geared System Unit
The Acceleration of Geared Systems Unit "MAE" allows to perform tests to calculate the moment of inertia of a gear train system.The MAE unit includes six gears. Two of them can have another position in the shafts to vary the gear ratio, allowing...
SIMPLE DRIVES ASSEMBLY UNIT - MSDA
  • MSDA
Available
14.1.2.2.- 齿轮
MSDA
简单传动装置安装设备
The Simple Drives Assembly Unit, "MSDA", allows the knowledge and learning of the fundamentals of the mechanical transmission technique, as well as the assembly, disassembly and experimentation with simple gears.The unit allows to carry out...
COMBINED DRIVES ASSEMBLY UNIT - MCDA
  • MCDA
Available
14.1.2.2.- 齿轮
MCDA
组合传动安装设备
The Combined Drives Assembly Unit, "MCDA", allows carrying out advanced exercises and provides an understanding of the significant components and arrangements of the mechanical drive technology.With this unit, practices can be carried out to...
GEAR TRAIN ASSEMBLY UNIT - MGTA
  • MGTA
Available
14.1.2.2.- 齿轮
MGTA
齿轮传动装置安装设备
The Unit to Study Gear Train Assembly, "MGTA", allows to perform diverse assemblies of gearboxes. The student will essentially learn the practice of assembling gear components in transmissions and will be introduced to the technique of mechanical...
GEAR GENERATION UNIT - MGE
  • MGE
Available
14.1.2.2.- 齿轮
MGE
Gear Generation Unit
The Gear Generation Unit, "MGE", has been designed by EDIBON to study rack and pinion systems. With this unit the student can draw by an easy procedure the profile of a tooth, produced by the involute process of the rack when passing over the...
GEARED LIFTING UNIT - MEE
  • MEE
Available
14.1.2.2.- 齿轮
MEE
Geared Lifting Unit
The Geared Lifting Unit, "MEE", has been designed to study a simple lifting mechanism and its use to determine the speed ratio, its mechanical advantages and efficiency.The unit is mounted on a metal structure with bearings that support the gear...
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