We recently had the honor of installing a complete laboratory at the Centre de formation et des métiers (CFMI) in Togo (Africa).This complete laboratory now has the following EDIBON units
AEL-PHVGC Computer Controlled Photovoltaic Power Plants Application
INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS
The Photovoltaic Power Plants Application, with SCADA, "AEL-PHVGC", has been designed to study the operations carried out in photovoltaic power systems connected to the energy national grid.
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General Description
The Photovoltaic Power Plants Application, with SCADA, ''AEL-PHVGC'', has been designed to study the operations carried out in photovoltaic power systems connected to the energy national grid. This application allows to study the procedure of dynamic control of active power injected in the electrical network through the smart inverter. In addition, this application allows the local control of the voltage in nodes of the network, as well as the study of energy storage in batteries by means of hybrid inverters.
In addition this application allows the analysis of the characteristic curves of the photovoltaic panel. For that end, the ''AEL-PHVGC'' application consists of different kits that allow studying the different aspects of photovoltaic power plants:
- PHVGC-K1. Photovoltaic Modules Analysis Kit:
This kit consists of a photovoltaic module assembled on a wheeled frame that allows varying the solar module tilt angle. Thus, different roof tilts or typical frame can be simulated, above which these photovoltaic modules are installed. An halogen lamp assembled in an articulated arm is coupled to the mentioned frame for the sun's path simulation. The lamp has a current regulator which allows controlling the incident irradiance on the photovoltaic panel. In order to simulate the solar panel load, the kit includes a variable resistive load.
With this kit, the user will be able to acquire the following learning: visualisation of daily and annual curves, calculation of the optimal orientation of photovoltaic modules and visualisation of characteristic curves of photovoltaic modules.
- PHVGC-K2. Three-Phase Photovoltaic Power Plants Kit in Parallel with the Grid:
This kit is composed of all the industrial elements necessary to study a real photovoltaic power plant. Firstly, it has a three-phase grid inverter powered by a photovoltaic panel array simulator. A network analyser is connected to the inverter output, which will show the user all the electrical parameters generated by the inverter. In addition, a three-phase resistive load is also included to simulate different consumption conditions. Finally, the three-phase power supply allows the user to simulate the conditions of the electrical grid and the connection of the inverter to it.
With this kit, the user can acquire the following training: installation of photovoltaic plants, grid connection of photovoltaic plants, measurement of the electrical parameters coming from the photovoltaic plant, monitoring of the maximum power point, programming of the inverter power limitation "derating", generation of reactive energy, determination of the inverter yield, recording of yield data by means of a solar path simulator, analysis of the behaviour of the photovoltaic plant in the event of a "black-out", protection of photovoltaic plants against lightning strikes, etc.
- PHVGC-K3. Voltage Regulation in Local Power Grids Kit:
This kit is a complement to the PHVGC-K2. It consists of a set of power elements for the simulation of voltage-regulated photovoltaic power plants at a specific point in the grid. The three-phase grid inverter feeds power into the national grid by means of a galvanic isolation transformer and a motorised voltage regulating transformer included in this kit. Due to changes in power demand caused by the variable three-phase load, voltage variations will occur which will have to be compensated by means of the motorised transformer (included). This compensation/regulation can be done either manually or automatically by means of a network analyser programmed to detect over/under voltage thresholds (included) and thus control the motorisation of the transformer.With this kit, the user will be able to acquire the following training: study of the local grid transformer, programming of the power limitation of the inverter of the photovoltaic plant "derating", manual and automatic regulation of the local grid voltage and visualisation of the parameters from the SCADA software.
- PHVGC-K4. Energy Storage Analysis Kit with Batteries:
This kit is a complement to the PHVGC-K2. It consists of an energy storage system using a three-phase hybrid inverter-charger (included) and a high-capacity battery (included). Ideally, this kit should be combined with the PHVG-K2 to study the optimal complement between the use of electrical energy from the grid and electrical energy from the battery. It is the perfect complement to any electrical installation of the future, given the energy and economic savings that can be achieved by combining this technology.
With this kit, the user will be able to acquire the following knowledge: installation process of energy accumulation systems in batteries in combination with the inverter charger, system start-up, interaction between the photovoltaic system and the battery, increase in efficiency through self-consumption.
This Computer Controlled Unit is supplied with the EDIBON Computer Control System (SCADA), and includes: The unit itself + Computer Control, Data Acquisition and Data Management Software Packages, for controlling the process and all parameters involved in the process.
Exercises and guided practices
GUIDED PRACTICAL EXERCISES INCLUDED IN THE MANUAL
Practical possibilities with the PHVGC-K1 kit:
- Daily and yearly curves display.
- Calculation of the photovoltaic modules optimal position.
- Display of the photovoltaic modules characteristic curves.
Practical possibilities with the PHVGC-K2 kit:
- Installation of photovoltaic power plants.
- Grid-connection of photovoltaic plants.
- Measuring the electrical parameters of the photovoltaic plant.
- Maximum power point tracking (MPPT).
- Limiting the inversor power (derating).
- Measurement and calculation of the active power consumed by a three-phase variable resistive load.
- Measurement and calculation of the total power consumed by a three-phase R-L load.
- Configuration of the programmable power supply as PV Array.
- Maximum production of photovoltaic power with grid injection thorugh the grid inverter.
- Maximum production of photovoltaic power with grid injection and local energy consumption.
- Dynamic control of active power with the photovoltaic inverter. Zero injection control.
- Dynamic control of active power with the photovoltaic inverter. Grid injection control.
- Static control of active power with the photovoltaic power. Configuration of control conditions with digital signals.
MORE PRACTICAL EXERCISES TO BE DONE WITH THE UNIT
Some practical exercises with the recommended modules:
- Experimental calculation of I-V curve of a photovoltaic panel.
- Variation of solar radiation with the halogen lamps panel. Measurement of I-V characteristics.
Practical possibilities with the PHVGC-K2 and PHVGC-K4:
- Installation process for energy accumulation systems based on the combination of batteries with the charge controller inverter.
- Start-up of the photovoltaic system.
- Interaction among the photovoltaic system and the battery.
- Efficiency improvement through self-consumption.
Practical possibilities with the PHVGC-K3 and PHVGC-K4:
- Study of the local grid transformer.
- Programming the limit of the inverter power of the photovoltaic power plant (derating).
- Manual and automatic regulation of the local grid voltage.
- Parameters display from the SCADA software.
Other possibilities to be done with this Unit:
- Many students view results simultaneously. To view all results in real time in the classroom by means of a projector or an electronic whiteboard.
- The Computer Control System with SCADA allows a real industrial simulation.
- This unit is totally safe as uses mechanical, electrical/electronic, and software safety devices.
- This unit can be used for doing applied research.
- This unit can be used for giving training courses to Industries even to other Technical Education Institutions.
- Several other exercises can be done and designed by the user.
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